A closer look

Modern GPS has nothing on 12th-century Islamic sacred geography. When al-Idrisi created his massive silver world map for King Roger II, he didn't just chart trade routes; he mapped out cosmology. With the South at the top, the map seamlessly blended verifiable geography with hidden realms, precisely locating the apocalyptic wall containing the monstrous hordes of Gog and Magog. It was cartography mixed with a healthy dose of theological dread.