A closer look

In the 1970s, surgeons decided the best way to treat obesity was to basically unplug the digestive tract and pray for the best. The jejunoileal bypass essentially skipped the majority of the small intestine. While patients lost weight, they also suffered from catastrophic, uncontrollable diarrhea, severe malnutrition, kidney stones, and total liver failure because their bodies were literally starved of basic nutrients.