A closer look

That refreshing 3 PM energy boost used to hit a whole lot harder. When John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886, he marketed it as a patent medicine and nerve tonic. The key ingredient was coca leaf extract, meaning every glass contained an estimated nine milligrams of actual cocaine. It was wildly popular until the early 1900s, when racial panic and changing pharmaceutical laws convinced the company to quietly transition to just giving everyone diabetes with sugar instead.