A closer look
When incredibly tiny amounts of long-chain synthetic polymers are successfully dissolved directly into actively flowing water, a deeply counterintuitive physical transformation occurs. The massive microscopic polymer strings heavily suppress the tiny swirling turbulent eddies that naturally cause massive fluid resistance inside pipes. This amazing phenomenon, highly known as the Toms effect, allows massive municipal fire engines to dramatically shoot high-pressure water streams significantly further when aggressively fighting deep industrial blazes.
