The simple pump that made heart-lung machines possible
You can't just stop a human heart for surgery unless you have an immediate mechanical backup plan. Enter the DeBakey roller pump, designed by a medical student to casually pump blood without destroying fragile red blood cells. By essentially rolling over rubber tubing like a tube of toothpaste, this deceptively simple squash-and-release system made the first cardiopulmonary bypass machines entirely possible.

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