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In 1770, an Austrian inventor unveiled a machine called the Turk—a wooden automaton that could supposedly play chess and win.
History

In 1770, an Austrian inventor unveiled a machine called the Turk—a wooden automaton that could supposedly play chess and win.

In 1770, an Austrian inventor unveiled a machine called the Turk—a wooden automaton that could supposedly play chess and win. A chess master hidden inside…

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Imagine a particle so anti-famous it only interacts through gravity—dark matter, the ghost scaffold holding galaxies together.
Science

Imagine a particle so anti-famous it only interacts through gravity—dark matter, the ghost scaffold holding galaxies together.

Imagine a particle so anti-famous it only interacts through gravity—dark matter, the ghost scaffold holding galaxies together. Its gravity helps explain how…

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Paris, 1793.
History

Paris, 1793.

Paris, 1793. Authorities used lists and censuses to make people easier to track, while denunciations turned neighbors’ accusations into leads. Paperwork meant…

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A Renaissance engineer designed a wheel for switching between open books.
History

A Renaissance engineer designed a wheel for switching between open books.

A Renaissance engineer designed a wheel for switching between open books. Agostino Ramelli's 1588 illustration shows a rotating structure that brings…

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This spring, one of the world’s biggest esports teams sold its naming rights not to a telecom or energy drink—but to a crypto wallet startup that crashed within a month.
Games

This spring, one of the world’s biggest esports teams sold its naming rights not to a telecom or energy drink—but to a crypto wallet startup that crashed within a month.

This spring, one of the world’s biggest esports teams sold its naming rights not to a telecom or energy drink—but to a crypto wallet startup that crashed…

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Somewhere beyond our telescopes, a rogue planet drifts without a sun, warmed only by leftover creation heat.
Science

Somewhere beyond our telescopes, a rogue planet drifts without a sun, warmed only by leftover creation heat.

Somewhere beyond our telescopes, a rogue planet drifts without a sun, warmed only by leftover creation heat. A planet can be too dim to spot, but its gravity…

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Centuries before smartphones, people were obsessed with another handheld device: the portable sundial.
History

Centuries before smartphones, people were obsessed with another handheld device: the portable sundial.

Centuries before smartphones, people were obsessed with another handheld device: the portable sundial. Because the shadow depended on the sun's path, each…

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Jefferson's copying machine used two pens at once.
History

Jefferson's copying machine used two pens at once.

Jefferson's copying machine used two pens at once. A polygraph linked the pen in his hand to a second pen, producing a duplicate as he wrote. Jefferson used…

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Before every takeoff, pilots perform a ritual dance of switches—thousands of coordinated gestures inherited from decades of design quirks.
Transport

Before every takeoff, pilots perform a ritual dance of switches—thousands of coordinated gestures inherited from decades of design quirks.

Before every takeoff, pilots perform a ritual dance of switches—thousands of coordinated gestures inherited from decades of design quirks. The checks turn a…

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Mini-Guide: The Midnight Market of the Dead. In La Paz, vendors display skulls each November; believers offer smoke, liquor, and whispered thanks to spirits said to protect their carriers.
Myths & mysteries

Mini-Guide: The Midnight Market of the Dead. In La Paz, vendors display skulls each November; believers offer smoke, liquor, and whispered thanks to spirits said to protect their carriers.

Mini-Guide: The Midnight Market of the Dead. In La Paz, vendors display skulls each November; believers offer smoke, liquor, and whispered thanks to spirits…

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Curiosity can help you remember things you were not trying to learn.
Science

Curiosity can help you remember things you were not trying to learn.

Curiosity can help you remember things you were not trying to learn. In a 2014 experiment, participants waited for answers to trivia questions and also saw…

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Bicycle Soldiers of 1914 — Before tanks and drones, armies experimented with two-wheelers.
History

Bicycle Soldiers of 1914 — Before tanks and drones, armies experimented with two-wheelers.

Bicycle Soldiers of 1914 — Before tanks and drones, armies experimented with two-wheelers. The bikes offered mobility, not protection: battalions pedaled…

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When Velvet Was Dangerous: The Class Politics of Color in the Renaissance.
History

When Velvet Was Dangerous: The Class Politics of Color in the Renaissance.

When Velvet Was Dangerous: The Class Politics of Color in the Renaissance. In 15th-century Florence, rules against luxury could mean fines or arrest for…

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An enslaved man's knowledge helped change Boston's smallpox response.
History

An enslaved man's knowledge helped change Boston's smallpox response.

An enslaved man's knowledge helped change Boston's smallpox response. Onesimus told Cotton Mather about inoculation practiced in Africa. During Boston's 1721…

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Before smartphones, the greatest social notification ever invented was the town bell.
History

Before smartphones, the greatest social notification ever invented was the town bell.

Before smartphones, the greatest social notification ever invented was the town bell. One bell-ringer could reach people across town, announcing deaths,…

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Before smartphones, the Romans built an early social network — via public baths and communal latrines.
History

Before smartphones, the Romans built an early social network — via public baths and communal latrines.

Before smartphones, the Romans built an early social network — via public baths and communal latrines. Baths and latrines put people together in shared…

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NIGHT MARKET OF SHADOW LANTERNS: In a remote Taiwanese valley, legends speak of merchants who appear only during lunar eclipses.
Myths & mysteries

NIGHT MARKET OF SHADOW LANTERNS: In a remote Taiwanese valley, legends speak of merchants who appear only during lunar eclipses.

NIGHT MARKET OF SHADOW LANTERNS: In a remote Taiwanese valley, legends speak of merchants who appear only during lunar eclipses. The warning is never to open…

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Winglets save fuel by changing the air at the wingtip.
Transport

Winglets save fuel by changing the air at the wingtip.

Winglets save fuel by changing the air at the wingtip. Air curls around a wingtip from the higher-pressure underside toward the lower-pressure upper side,…

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Wartime scrap drives recruited the kitchen into the war effort.
History

Wartime scrap drives recruited the kitchen into the war effort.

Wartime scrap drives recruited the kitchen into the war effort. British campaigns during World War II asked households to hand over unwanted metal, including…

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Fines in Salt and Ghost Weddings: In 900 CE China, families occasionally held symbolic marriages between deceased single adults, uniting two spirits to ease family shame over…
History

Fines in Salt and Ghost Weddings: In 900 CE China, families occasionally held symbolic marriages between deceased single adults, uniting two spirits to ease family shame over…

Fines in Salt and Ghost Weddings: In 900 CE China, families occasionally held symbolic marriages between deceased single adults, uniting two spirits to ease…

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Bread whiteness once hid a chemical shortcut.
History

Bread whiteness once hid a chemical shortcut.

Bread whiteness once hid a chemical shortcut. In his 1820 exposé of food adulteration, chemist Frederick Accum described alum being added to bread. It could…

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Venice treated mirror-making secrets like state secrets.
History

Venice treated mirror-making secrets like state secrets.

Venice treated mirror-making secrets like state secrets. Its prized glass brought in money and prestige, so exporting skilled workers threatened more than one…

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Ancient Alexandria had a steam-powered spinning sphere.
History

Ancient Alexandria had a steam-powered spinning sphere.

Ancient Alexandria had a steam-powered spinning sphere. Hero described a hollow ball with bent nozzles that rotated as steam escaped. The jets pushed the…

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In northern Japan’s seas, islanders still whisper about the Funayūrei — drowned sailors who beg passing boats for ladles of water.
Myths & mysteries

In northern Japan’s seas, islanders still whisper about the Funayūrei — drowned sailors who beg passing boats for ladles of water.

In northern Japan’s seas, islanders still whisper about the Funayūrei — drowned sailors who beg passing boats for ladles of water. Fishermen used ladles with…

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